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"Nonwoven industry plays an important role in economy and society. Nonwoven Fabric : Manufacturing and Applications addresses important data on both natural and synthetic fibres that are used in the industry to develop products for different purposes. Though synthetic fibres are extensively used in the nonwoven industry for the manufacture of various products, natural fibres are steadily occupying the market due to some of their obvious merits. In this respect, a review of the various manufacturing techniques for nonwoven fabric derived from natural fibres such as cotton, jute, flax and hemp is given in this book. Next, the authors assess the structure, property, evaluation and applications of jute and jute blended needle-punched nonwoven fabric, in an effort to aid those who work with natural lingo-cellulosic fibre-based needle punched nonwovens. In addition, flax/low melting point polyester needle punched nonwoven fabrics were manufactured and characterized for thermal insulation applications. The test results show a decrease in thermal resistance value with an increase in low melt PET % and needle penetration depth. Six types of recycled nonwovens samples were developed using thermal bonding and aero dynamic methods, and these samples are characterized by their physical properties such as areal density, bulk density, thickness, porosity, air permeability and thermal resistance. The authors assess the way in which the increased use of fire retardant materials in industries has put considerable pressure on the scientific community to develop new polymer materials, chemicals, and fiber combinations for such applications. This compilation concludes with an overview of the history, common raw materials, manufacturing processes, properties, functions and applications of nonwoven geotextiles. The potential use of recycled nonwoven geotextiles towards a more sustainable construction is also discussed"--

Nonwoven fabrics.

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The imagery of Hell, the Christian account of the permanent destinations of the human soul after death, has fascinated people over the centuries since the emergence of the Christian faith. These landmark volumes provide the first large-scale investigation of this imagery found across the Byzantine and post-Byzantine world. Particular emphasis is placed on images from churches across Venetian Crete, which are comprehensively collected and published for the first time. Crete was at the centre of artistic production in the late Byzantine world and beyond and its imagery was highly influential on traditions in other regions. The Cretan examples accompany rich comparative material from the wider Mediterranean - Cappadocia, Macedonia, the Peloponnese and Cyprus. The large amount of data presented in this publication highlight Hell's emergence in monumental painting not as a concrete array of images, but as a diversified mirroring of social perceptions of sin.

Hell --- Byzantine antiquities. --- Hell in art. --- Christianity --- History of doctrines --- Antiquities, Byzantine --- Antiquities --- Christian antiquities --- Endless punishment --- Eternal punishment --- Everlasting punishment --- Hades --- Sheol --- Future life --- Future punishment --- Damned

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Rembrandt's masterpiece Self-Portrait with Two Circles (c. 1665) will go on view at Gagosian Grosvenor Hill, heralding a new alliance between the international gallery and English Heritage : the charity entrusted with the care of this painting and more than 500,000 other paintings and artifacts, together with more than 400 historic sites across England. Rembrandt's legendary painting will be the centerpiece of an exhibition of self-portraits that will also include works by Francis Bacon, Jean-Michel Basquiat, Lucian Freud, and Pablo Picasso, as well as leading contemporary artists such as Georg Baselitz, Glenn Brown, Urs Fischer, Damien Hirst, Howard Hodgkin, Giuseppe Penone, Richard Prince, Cindy Sherman, and Rudolf Stingel, among others. A new work created by Jenny Saville in response to Rembrandt's self-portrait will be revealed for the first time. Entry to the exhibition is free. The partnership between Gagosian and English Heritage, which will be launched with this exhibition, will entail the gallery supporting the charity and its sites, artworks, and artifacts including Kenwood, the home of Rembrandt's self-portrait in the north of London. To begin, Gagosian will support the conservation of the painting's eighteenth-century wooden frame. Other future events between the two organizations are in the planning stages.

Exhibition